ELISpot and Fluorospot Assay Market – By Type, By Application, By End Use - Global Forecast 2025 – 2034

ELISpot and Fluorospot Assay Market Size

The global ELISpot and fluorospot assay market was valued at around USD 316.7 million in 2024 and is estimated to grow at 7.3% CAGR from 2025 to 2034. The ELISpot assay is one of the most sensitive methods available to detect the secretion of cytokines or antibodies at the cellular level, specifically from T or B cells.
 

The Fluorospot assay is an extended version of ELISpot which allows the simultaneous detection of several proteins that are secreted from a single cell using fluorescent labels. Both assays are extensively performed for immune monitoring, whether it be in research, clinical studies, or in vaccine development.
 

The increasing burden of infectious and immune-related diseases significantly impacts the demand for both ELISpot and Fluorospot assays. These technologies are crucial for monitoring antigen-specific responses to vaccination embraced to address infectious disease surveillance, the development of immunotherapies, and vaccine research. The relevance of these technologies is accentuated by global health concerns.
 

For example, the World Health Organization HIV factsheet estimates indicated that there were 39 million people living with HIV at the end of 2022, which highlights the reason for chronic infections necessitating sensitive immune monitoring tools. There is also an increasing incidence of tuberculosis, cancer, and novel viral infections which accelerate the use of more sophisticated immunological assays. ELISpot and Fluorospot systems are particularly advantageous in research and clinical immunology because of their high sensitivity and ability to function at single cell resolution as well as their multiplexing capabilities.
 

Moreover, heightened awareness regarding the early diagnosis of diseases is increasing the use of ELISpot and Fluorospot assays, especially in cancer immunology and immunotherapy monitoring. The timely detection of immune response to tumors is essential for tailoring the course of immune therapy, and these assays play a pivotal role in monitoring tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that there will be more than 35 million new cases of cancer by 2050, which is a 77% increase from the expected 20 million cases in 2022. Coupled with the focus on highly precise detection and immune profiling, this is driving the need for more immune monitoring systems within clinical workflows and research pipelines, advancing the use of ELISpot and Fluorospot platforms in oncology diagnostics and translational medicine.
 

ELISpot and Fluorospot Assay Market Trends

• The growing focus on the primary steps of disease detection is markedly increasing the use of ELISpot and FluoroSpot assays in immunological research and clinical diagnostics. These assays are crucial for detecting antigen-specific T-cell and B-cell responses, which help in identifying diseases that are asymptomatic or in the early stages of symptoms.
   
• For example, for early pulmonary tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection, the ELISpot-based IGRA test, such as T-SPOT.TB by Oxford Immunotec, has demonstrated both high sensitivity and specificity in detecting T-cell responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, thus supporting early detection and active intervention, especially among the immune-compromised.
   
• Moreover, these assays have been foundational in monitoring T cell and B cell responses to candidate vaccines in the development processes of the vaccines. Their ability to determine the long-term memory responses makes them useful in evaluating vaccine durability. During the COVID-19 vaccine trials, ELISpot assays were routinely used to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell immunity, and spurred submission and immunogenicity studies.
   
• Furthermore, in organ and stem cell transplantation, ELISpot assays are used more routinely in monitoring donor-reactive T cells, enabling pre-transplant and post-transplant risk profiling. This anticipates immune or tolerance responses that could lead to graft rejection or tolerance without biopsies, making these methods non-invasive. For instance, a study published in International Journal of Immunogenetics demonstrated that IFN-γ ELISpot assays predicted acute rejection episodes in kidney transplant patients with greater than 80% sensitivity, emphasizing their efficacy in transplant medicine.
   

ELISpot and Fluorospot Assay Market Analysis

In 2021, the global market was valued at USD 264.6 million. The following year, it saw a slight increase to USD 280.5 million, and by 2024, the market further climbed to USD 316.7 million. Based on type, the global market is segmented into Assay kits, analyzers, and ancillary products. The assay kits segment accounted for the highest market share of 48.9% in 2024.
 

• This dominance is because of the adoption of standardized kits which are easy to use, reproducible, and compatible with frameworks for cell-mediated immunity research. Their exclusivity in academic institutions, clinical laboratories, and pharmaceutical companies is due to their ready-to-use nature which obviates the need for elaborate complex assay development. In addition, enhanced market capture is associated with their growing use in infectious disease, cancer immunotherapy, and transplant rejection monitoring due to an increase in demand for cytokine-specific detection.
   
• Further, the high global disease burden fuels demand for such solutions. According to the WHO, an estimated 10.8 million people were detected with TB in the year 2023, that included 6 million men, 3.6 million women, and 1.3 million children, further supporting the need for accurate T-cell-based diagnostics.
   
• For example, assay kits such as Oxford Immunotec’s T-SPOT.TB and Mabtech’s IFN-γ ELISpot PLUS kits are designed for an unblinded and multifaceted or single-parameter assessment of antigen-specific T cells. They are appropriate for both research and diagnostic use, thus yielding robust sensitivity and specificity for the detection of cellular immune response.

Based on application, the ELISpot and Fluorospot assay market is segmented into research applications and diagnostics applications. Diagnostics applications segment dominated the market with the largest revenue share of USD 64.3% in 2024.
 

• The diagnostics applications aspect of the market is dominant because of the growing usage of these assays for diagnosing diverse infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB), cancer immunotherapy, autoimmune disorders, and other inflammatory diseases.
   
• For example, the accuracy of diagnosing active tuberculosis (TB) patients with the QuantiFERON-TB Plus (QFT-Plus) test that incorporates ELISpot assays is high with sensitivity of 98% and specificity of 97%, as per the statistics from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). For latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) subjects, the test reported sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 94% (NCBI). The high accuracy obtained using these tests positions these assays as integral to clinical diagnostics.
   
• Thus, these assays remain central to precision medicine because of their relevance in the identification and progression of immune disorders, thereby propelling market growth.
   

Based on end use, the ELISpot and Fluorospot assay market is segmented into hospitals and clinical laboratories, academic and research institutions, biopharmaceutical companies and other end users. Hospitals and clinical laboratories segment dominated the market with the largest revenue share of USD 42.2% in 2024 and is anticipated to witness growth at a CAGR of 7.7%.
 

• This leadership has been attributed to a focus on enhanced adoption of immune-monitoring diagnostics and an increase in the burden of infectious and chronic diseases, largely contributing to high testing volumes in hospitals.
   
• Furthermore, hospitals and clinical laboratories have the required technology and trained skilled workers to perform diagnostic tests in a clinical streamlined manner.
   
• Moreover, the expansion of the hospital-based laboratories and the increased relevance of automated systems where biopsy or imaging is limited highlights a shift to less invasive procedures. These broadened developments and clinical functions support greater coverage, backup for reimbursement in developed countries, and collaboration offers from test producing companies, thus strengthening this part of the market.

The North America ELISpot and Fluorospot assay market dominated the global market with a market share of 45.3% in 2024. The market driven by the rising incidence of infectious diseases, strong focus on immunological research, and robust healthcare infrastructure in the region.
 

The U.S. market was valued at USD 107.5 million and USD 113.8 million in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The market size reached USD 128.2 million in 2024, growing from USD 120.6 million in 2023.
 

• The advancing older demographic is also increasing demand for disease diagnosis and immunity monitoring. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the number of people aged sixty-five years and older will increase from 58 million in 2022 to 82 million by 2050, which is a 47% increase. This demographic shift suggests the need for cost-effective, rapid, and minimally invasive assays such as ELISpot and FluoroSpot.
   
• Further chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer, are increasing across the country. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that nearly 6 in 10 adults in the U.S. live with a chronic disease.
   

Europe ELISpot and Fluorospot assay market accounted for USD 80.6 million in 2024 and is anticipated to show lucrative growth over the forecast period.
 

• The growth of the Europe market is associated with the higher prevalence of infectious diseases and greater funding toward research in immunology.
   
• In the EU/EEA region, 35,212 cases of measles were reported in 2024, a significant increase from 3,973 cases in 2023 based on the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). This emphasizes the importance of sensitive detection assays and highlights the growing demand for immune response monitoring and outbreak response assays.
   
• In addition, Europe is also the location of many academic institutions, CROs and biotech companies which are focused on the development of immunoassays for the advancement of vaccines and disease monitoring.
   

Germany ELISpot and Fluorospot assay market is anticipated to witness considerable growth over the analysis period.
 

• Germany’s advanced healthcare system as well as its leading research and academic centers support the use of ELISpot and FluoroSpot assays in immunology and infectious diseases, which drives research in these fields.
   
• The country's long-standing focus on innovation in diagnostics and biomedical technologies as well as government funding for translational research accelerates the adoption of such assays in clinical and academic applications.
   
• Also, the collaboration between private diagnostic companies and public research organizations enhances the presence of leading assay manufacturers and fosters local and regional innovation as well as production, thereby decreasing reliance on foreign goods and stabilizing supply chains.
   

The Asia Pacific ELISpot and Fluorospot assay market is anticipated to grow at the highest CAGR of 8% during the analysis timeframe.
 

• The overall market growth is fueled by the high adoption of healthcare facilities, investment in immunological research, and the rising prevalence of some infectious diseases like tuberculosis and other viral infections within the region.
   
• Such technologies are being quickly embraced by India, China, and South Korea due to increased healthcare awareness as well as favorable regulatory policies.
   
• The rising demand for precise immune surveillance tools such as ELISpot and FluoroSpot assays is driven by expanding biopharmaceutical industries and increased solicitation clinical trial activity.
   

China ELISpot and Fluorospot assay market is predicted to grow significantly over the forecast period.
 

• The country is witnessing growth in this industry due to a high burden of tuberculosis which saw approximately 52 cases per 100,000 population in 2023 according to Statista.
   
• Also, government policies aimed to improve accessibility for healthcare infrastructure and services are combined with prompt and accurate infectious disease detection, amplifying the need for sensitive immunodiagnostic assays.
   
• The region continues to benefit from growing market opportunities as the biopharmaceutical industry expands, and domestic manufacturing capabilities increase.
   

Brazil is experiencing significant growth in ELISpot and Fluorospot assay market, driven by its expanding adoption of chronic disease management.
 

• According to the National Institutes of Health, Brazil features among the top 30 high TB burden countries, with an incidence rate of 36.3 cases per 100,000 people and a death rate of 2.3 per 100,000 in 2022.
   
• The high burden of disease creates a need for ELISpot and FluoroSpot assays which are essential for swift and precise diagnostics to facilitate early intervention and comprehensive disease control.
   

Saudi Arabia ELISpot and Fluorospot assay market is poised to witness substantial growth in Middle East and Africa market during the forecast period.
 

• Saudi Arabia has a high burden of tuberculosis. A study published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health in 2024 noted a TB prevalence of 17.0%, which is well above the global average of 12.0%. This above-average prevalence highlights the focus on the need for effective TB screening and treatment, including ELISpot and FluoroSpot assays that provide faster diagnosis and better management of the disease.
   
• Moreover, increased cases of other infectious diseases such as viral hepatitis fuel the need for complex immunological assays. There is an increasing emphasis on the region’s healthcare system which, paired with the growing focus on infrastructure, will allow for further development in Saudi Arabia.
   

ELISpot and Fluorospot Assay Market Share

The global key players alongside niche assay developers and regional firms striving to increase their market share depict competition in the ELISpot and Fluorospot assay industries. The global market is captured by top 3 players - Mabtech AB, Cellular Technology Limited, and Oxford Immunotec, together accounting for 35% of market share. These companies rely on proprietary platforms, diversified assay offerings, and strong engagement with the immunology and clinical research sectors.
 

The key focal points of these companies include emerging market appeal, product innovation, and partnerships with academic institutions and CROs. Tailored custom solutions are the focus of regional competitors, where price and design flexibility is used to strengthen competition. Strategic market expansion through targeted product launches and distribution partnerships are also employed by the players in this market.
 

ELISpot and Fluorospot Assay Market Companies

Some of the eminent market participants operating in the ELISpot and Fluorospot assay industry include:

• BD
• Abcam Limited
• Autoimmun Diagnostika
• Bio-Connect
• Bio-Techne Corporation
• Cellular Technology
• GenScript Biotech
• Lophius Biosciences
• Mabtech
• Merck
• Oxford Immunotec
• R&D Systems
• Stemcell Technologies
• U-CyTech
   
• BD offers different types of ELISpot assays tailored for immune monitoring, particularly in the areas of infectious diseases and immunotherapy, offering unmatched sensitivity and reproducibility. BD’s ample diagnostic ELISA tools and global presence guarantee biosystems access along with comprehensive technical assistance, in-house training programs, and ongoing support.
   
• Autoimmun Diagnostika focuses on developing diagnostic tests for autoimmune diseases and offers specialized ELISpot and FluoroSpot assays tailored to particular uses. The company serves clinicians and researchers by offering adjustable options in autoimmune diseases diagnosis and monitoring to fulfill the exact requirements needed.
   

ELISpot and Fluorospot Assay Industry News:

• June 2022, BD partnered with CerTest Biotec to create a molecular diagnostic test for the rare Monkeypox disease – caused due to a virus that is related to Smallpox. The partnership hoped to improve diagnosis and treatment of Monkeypox infections. As stipulated in the collaboration contract, the assay will be performed using the BD MAX open system reagent suite to confirm the CerTest VIASURE Monkeypox CE/IVD molecular test's accuracy on the BD MAX system.
   
• In October 2022, PerkinElmer’s division, Oxford Immunotec, got FDA clearance for its T-Cell Select reagent kit which automates parts of the T-SPOT.TB test for in vitro diagnostic use in certified laboratories. This was meant to improve the efficiency of tuberculosis diagnostics test, which is expected to reach USD 3.7 billion by 2032, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and productivity in the laboratory.
   

The ELISpot and Fluorospot assay market research report includes an in-depth coverage of the industry with estimates and forecast in terms of revenue in USD Million from 2021 – 2034 for the following segments:

Click here to Buy Section of this Report

Market, By Type

• Assay kits
• Analyzers
• Ancillary products

Market, By Application

• Research applications
• Diagnostics applications

Market, By End Use

• Hospitals and clinical laboratories
• Academic and research institutions
• Biopharmaceutical companies
• Other end use

The above information is provided for the following regions and countries:

• North America 
  • U.S.
  • Canada
• Europe 
  • Germany
  • UK
  • France
  • Spain
  • Italy
  • Netherlands
• Asia Pacific 
  • China
  • Japan
  • India
  • Australia
  • South Korea
• Latin America 
  • Brazil
  • Mexico
  • Argentina 
• Middle East and Africa 
  • South Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE